The Pentacon Six
System
by TRA
Wouldn’t it be
better to use a digital camera?
Latest
Thoughts in March 2022
Updated July 2024
In March 2022 Hermann wrote to me from Vienna:
“Hallo!
I just studied your incredible Pentaconsix site
and thought I should make some comment.
I do have a Rolleiflex camera and a
Pentaconsix together with 50mm Flektogon, 80mm
Biometar and the 180 mm Sonnar and some useful
equipment including a studio tripod.
Since 2010 I work digital. I invested about
10,000 € My last camera is a Olympus OM1III with
the 12-40mm 2.8 pro and 75mm 1.8 lens plus a
professional printer PRO-200.
With this photographic equipment I never
experienced those problems wrote about in site.
Of course I can "only" print A3+ and not 2m
or larger but in stupendous quality.
And I do not have to carry almost 10 kg but
only 1.5 kg.
Nevertheless the medium format cameras are
fine to work with. I just prefer the digital
equipment almost exclusively.
Kind regards
Hermann” |
Here is the reply that I sent
him:
“Hello
Hermann
Thank you for writing. I
congratulate you on the excellent photographs
that you have attached. I see that you
have made a large investment in high quality
equipment, including an A3+ printer.
The world of digital cameras has made
massive advances over the past 20+ years, making
delays in firing the shutter insignificant with
the best cameras and improving image resolution
significantly, especially if one is able to
spend a large sum of money, generally several
thousand Euros for a new digital camera,
especially if it is in the digital "medium
format", which is of course a lot smaller than
film medium format cameras.
I occasionally use digital cameras, but
almost always with lenses from the pre-digital
era, mostly from Carl Zeiss Jena and Arsenal
Kiev. This gives me much greater control
of the image, including depth of field, and
provides shift possibilities for architectural
photography and tilt possibilities for product
photography, either by using lenses that have
these possibilities or by using a shift or tilt
adapter.
Putting a medium format shift lens onto a
tilt adapter, or a medium format tilt lens onto
a shift adapter also gives me the possibility of
combining both of these features when taking
certain sorts of photographs. With a shift
lens or a shift adapter, for certain types of
photography I can combine two or more images in
software, to give a wider angle of view and
higher resolution.
You may wish to explore some of these
possibilities with your Flektogon, Biometar and
Sonnar lenses. I have found them to give
excellent results on the "full frame" Sony A7Rii
and on the "medium format" Fujifilm GFX 50S,
using the adapters supplied by Sergey of
Hartblei, which are exceptionally good. In
contrast, my Foto**** Pro adapter is very poor,
as the lock does not work adequately, so the
lens slides down, sags or droops (tilts) forward
while being used, no matter how much I tighten
it up.
I wish you success and enjoyment in your
photography.
With best wishes
Mr Pentacon Six”
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Let
us now look in more detail at that option of using
Pentacon Six lenses on digital cameras. The development
of mirrorless digital cameras with interchangeable
lenses makes using Pentacon Six lenses and even lenses
from 35mm SLR cameras easy: there is almost always
enough space for an adapter between the back of the lens
and the camera.
Crop Factor
We must remember that the formats of sensors in
digital cameras are usually different from the film
formats of the pre-digital era.
Some Analogue
Formats |
Some Common
Digital Formats
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Format name
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Frame dimensions
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Format name
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Sensor dimensions
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(APS-C1
35mm SLR
Medium Format 6 × 6
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25.1.
× 16.7 mm)
24 × 36mm
54 × 54mm
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APS-C.
“Full frame”
“Medium Format”
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25.1 × 16.7 mm2
24 × 36mm
43.8 × 32.9mm3
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Notes
1 Not that common in analogue format;
introduced along with several other small formats towards
the end of the 20th century
2 According to Wikipedia here
on 15.3.22.
3 Here I give the dimensions for the Fujifilm
GFX series of cameras. There are other cameras
that designate themselves as being “Medium Format” that
have sensors of other sizes.
These differences in sensor sizes have
advantages and disadvantages:
Disadvantages
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Advantages
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If the sensor
size is smaller than the film format for which the
lens was designed:
- it will not show the full image
captured by the lens.
- This is a particular disadvantage when
shooting landscapes, interiors or other scenes
where a wide angle lens gives the best
coverage.
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If the sensor size is smaller
than the film format for which the lens was
designed:
- the image captured will normally be
from the central area of the lens, which is
generally the sharpest zone.
- The extra area covered by the lens will
enable it to be used shifted and/or tilted,
via suitable adapters.
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Adapters for using Pentacon
Six Lenses on Digital Cameras
For “Full Frame” mirrorless cameras such as the
Sony E cameras, it is easy to find mounts both for
“analogue era” M42 lenses designed for 35mm cameras and
for Pentacon Six lenses.
Two “no name” lens adapters for Sony E
mount cameras:
on the left, for M42 lenses, on the right for
lenses with the Pentacon Six mount
[M42-P6_Sony_E.jpg]
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On this
camera I have covered over the manufacturer’s name
to prevent it from being reflected on the subject
in close-up and macro photographs.
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A Carl Zeiss Jena 50mm Tessar lens
in M42 mount for Praktica cameras on a Sony “Full
Frame” camera.
This lens gives superb results and is regularly
used for “product shots” on this website.
[50mmT_Sony_E.jpg]
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A Carl Zeiss Jena 80mm Biometar lens
in Pentacon Six mount on a Sony “Full Frame”
camera
On the 24 × 36mm format, this lens is ideal for
portraits, but also has many other uses. Its
quality is well known from its use taking pictures
on the Pentacon Six.
[80mmBm_Sony_E.jpg]
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Using Pentacon Six lenses on a “Medium
Format” digital camera
Lenses designed for the Pentacon Six
are of course ideal for the newer “Medium Format”
digital cameras. In the world of digital
photography, this title is claimed by any manufacturer
of a camera that has a sensor larger than the “Full
Frame” 24 × 36mm format. As indicated above, the
Fujifilm GFX cameras have a sensor that is 43.8mm wide ×
32.9mm high. Fujifilm currently has five cameras
in this range:
- the
Fujifilm GFX 50R, the design of which is inspired by
rangefinder cameras
- the
Fujifilm GFX 50S, the design of which is inspired by
SLR cameras, therefore with a viewfinder of
approximately pentaprism shape (although it is
electronic and does not contain a pentaprism).
These two cameras generate images that are
approximately 51 Megapixels in size.
- the
Fujifilm GFX 50S II, which is a newer version of the
above camera
- the
Fujifilm GFX 100S has a built-in vertical grip and
generates images that are approximately 102 Megapixels
in size
- the
Fujifilm GFX 100S II, which is a newer version of the
above camera, without the vertical grip and somewhat
smaller, partly due to the use of smaller batteries.
Enter HARTBLEI
Hartblei
Cameras
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[pentasix01.jpg]
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The name Hartblei will
probably be well known to visitors to this
website. About the turn of the century, this
name appeared on cameras that were highly upgraded
versions of the Kiev 60 and Kiev 88 cameras. As
reported here, Wiese
Fototechnik in Hamburg, Germany, worked closely
with Hartblei for a number of years and sold
Hartblei products re-badged under the Wiese or
“Pentasix” name.
The camera shown here is a much-improved
Kiev 60:
- Flocking (see here)
has been added to the back of the mirror plate
and the bottom of the camera throat, to
eliminate the infamous reflections that
sometimes ruin pictures taken with an
unmodified Kiev 60.
- A mirror pre-release has been added,
and using this is simpler and faster than the
option offered for the Pentacon Six and the
Exakta 66 Mk III (see here).
What is more, a lever has been added, to bring
the mirror back down without firing and
cocking the shutter, if circumstances change.
- A new focussing screen has been
installed, incorporating split-image
“rangefinder” wedges.
- Finally, a cosmetic improvement: the
top and bottom plates of the camera, which are
normally chrome, have been painted black.
You can see more about this camera here.
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Hartblei
Lenses
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Then Hartblei produced a
series of lenses in Pentacon Six mount, based on
Kiev Arsenal lenses for the Kiev 60, but with
vastly-improved barrels, multi-coating and
silky-smooth lubrication. For reports on
some of these lenses, see the links on the data
page on Pentacon Six lenses, here.
Click on the
image to the right to see it larger.
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The Hartblei 45mm
Super-Rotator Shift-Tilt lens
[c370_31a_s.jpg]
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Hartblei Adapters
For a
number of years, Hartblei, based in Kiev (now known by
the Ukraininan name of Kyiv), has also produced superb
lens adapters. We will mention a few of them
here. The first adapters of which I am aware were
to enable Pentacon Six and M42 lenses to be used on
various cameras. My experience is limited to their
adapters for Fujifilm GFX cameras, which are
superb. They also now produce fantastic adapters
to enable Mamiya RB67/RZ67 lenses to be used on the
Fujifilm GFX series cameras.
“Basic” Hartblei adapters for
the Fujifilm GFX
Hartblei make simple but
strong adapters to enable Pentacon Six lenses to
be used on Fujifilm GFX cameras. The results
should be superb, as Pentacon Six lenses are
designed to cover a larger format than the
Fujifilm GFX 43.8 ×
32.9mm sensor.
What is perhaps surprising is that Hartblei also
also make an adapter for mounting M42 lenses onto
the Fujifilm GFX cameras. This may be
unexpected, as M42 lenses are not designed to
cover the size of the GFX sensor. However,
some of them do cover it. In fact quite a
few lenses for 35mm SLR cameras perform
excellently on the Fujifilm GFX cameras.
Quite a few, but not all, so it is advisable to do
some tests before using a given 35mm camera lens
on the GFX. One needs to check especially
for vignetting (darkening of the corners) and
resolution outside the original intended area of
24mm × 36mmm.
Generally, wide angle lenses are not good
at covering the larger sensor size, but lenses for
35mm cameras that I have tested with a focal
length from about 100mm on have performed
extremely well on the GFX.
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On the left, an adapter to
use M42 lenses and on the right to use Pentacon
Six lenses on the Fujifilm “Medium Format” GFX
digital cameras
[M42_P6_GFX.jpg]
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M42 lenses on the GFX
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Here we see a 135mm Zeiss
f/3.5 Sonnar lens – the best of all the M42
lenses that I tested! It could be a great
portrait lens on this camera, and it is small
and light-weight.
[135CZ_on_GFX_s.jpg]
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Here we see the
Schneider-Kreuznach 28mm Super-Angulon shift
lens. Even though it is a wideangle
lens, its greater image circle means that it
does cover the GFX sensor (unshifted).
[28mm_Super_Ang_s.jpg]
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Click on
the above two images to see them larger.
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Pentacon Six lenses on the
GFX
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The Carl Zeiss Jena 80mm
Biometar lens in Pentacon Six mount on the
Fujifilm GFX 50S, via the Hartblei adapter
[80Bm_GFX_01_s.jpg]
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The 120mm Vega lens from Arsenal is very
good on the Fuji GFX camera.
[120Vega_GFX_01_s.jpg]
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Click on
the above two images to see them larger. |
Hartblei
Pentacon Six Lens Shift and Tilt adapters for
Fujifilm GFX cameras
We called the above two
Hartblei GFX adapters “Basic” Hartblei adapters for the
Fujifilm GFX, our term, not theirs. But we have
used it because Hartblei also make Shift and
Tilt Adapters for using Pentacon Six mount lenses on
Fujifilm GFX cameras. As we would expect from
Hartblei, these adapters are sturdily made and can take
any lens, no matter how heavy. They also
provide a strong tripod mount base that will take a
standard tripod screw, and they also incorporate an
Arca-Swiss compatible “Quick Release” plate.
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The Hartblei Shift
adapter for Pentacon Six lenses on Fuji GFX
cameras provides 12mm of shift, and as the
mount can be rotated through 360°, the shift
can be in any direction.
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[P6_Shift_GFX_01_s.jpg]
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The Hartblei Tilt Adapter
for Pentacon Six lenses on Fuji GFX cameras provides
up to 8° of tilt, and as the mount can be
rotated through 360°, the tilt can be in any
direction, to increase depth of
field, or, used in the opposite direction, to
reduce it if required.
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[P6_Tilt_GFX_01_s.jpg]
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Click on
the above two images to see them larger. |
Here we show
two examples of Carl Zeiss Jena lenses in Pentacon Six
mount used on a Fuji GFX50S via the Hartblei Shift and
Tilt adapters.
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50mm Flektogon, here fully
shifted up
The results with this combination are SUPERB.
By shooting with the adapter shifted in various
directions, and stitching the images together,
one is able to obtain coverage equal to a lens
of approximately 32mm,
and the resolution of the composite picture is
massive.
(See below.)
[50mm_Flek_shift_s.jpg]
For more on shift lenses see here and links
from here.
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180mm Sonnar, here fully tilted
down
Again, both the cover and the resolution are
FANTASTIC,
which will come as no surprise to those who have
used this lens.
It also performs faultlessly on the shift
adapter, fully covering the sensor even at
maximum tilt.
[180mm_S_tilt_s.jpg]
For more on tilt
lenses see here
and links from here.
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Click on
the above two images to see them larger.
There is also a Hartblei Parallax-Free Shift
Adapter for
mounting Pentacon Six mount lenses onto
Fujifilm GFX camera bodies. What
advantage does this offer? Shift
images are generally better taken using a
tripod. If various images are to be
taken, perhaps with the shift in different
directions, for subsequent stitching
together, using a tripod is virtually
essential.
For the regular shift adapter, shown above,
the adapter’s
tripod mount is at the back of the
adapter, behind the shift
mechanism. With the
camera-adapter-lens combination mounted on
a tripod via the adapter, the
camera will not move, and the
lens can be shifted up
and down (or in any other
direction!) in front of it.
With the parallax-free shift adapter,
shown below,
the adapter’s tripod
mount is at the front
of the adapter, in
front of the shift
mechanism. With
the camera-adapter-lens
combination mounted on a tripod
via the adapter, the lens
will not move, and the
camera can be shifted up
and down (or in any
other direction!) behind it.
Why is this important? If
your image contains components
that are much nearer to you than
the background, as you move the
lens, those components will appear
to move in relation to the
background, so they will obscure
different parts of the
background. This will
usually cause problems with
stitching. If the lens is
not moved, but the camera is moved
behind it, those components will
be in the same position in
relation to the background.
See a further explanation here.
(Look for
“Parallax-Free Mount”.)
Here are some pictures of the
Hartblei Parallax-Free Shift
Adapter for using Pentacon
Six lenses on Fujifilm GFX
cameras.
Like the Hartblei Shift adapter
for Pentacon Six lenses on Fuji GFX
cameras shown above, the parallax-free
version provides 12mm of shift,
and as the mount can be rotated
through 360°, the shift can be in any
direction.
There is a second connection tab
behind the one used here for the
tripod mount. It could be
shortened by removing the bottom
extension.
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[P6_plx-f_01_s.jpg] |
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Here
we see the 50mm Flektogon mounted onto
the Hartblei Parallax-Free shift
adapter, fully shifted up, with a
Fujifilm GFX 100S camera mounted onto
the back of the adapter. Or,
more exactly, it is the camera
that is fully shifted down.
(The camera in this picture is
protected by a Silicone Camera Case,
which stretches over the body.)
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[P6_plx-f_02_s.jpg] |
Here is a
slightly different view of the same
camera-adapter-lens combination.
There are 3 short chrome levers at 120°
from each other round the shift
mechanism, two of them visible in this
image. They are used to activate
the shift mechanism.
The longer chrome lever locks the
rotatable shift mechanism in the desired
position.
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[P6_plx-f_03_s.jpg]
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Click on the
above three images to see
them larger.
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Examples of the
use of the Hartblei shift adapter for Pentacon Six
lenses on Fujifilm GFX cameras can be found here.
As I stated in my reply to Hermann above, putting a medium format shift lens onto a tilt
adapter, or a medium format tilt lens onto a shift
adapter also gives me the possibility of combining both
of these features when taking certain sorts of
photographs.
It is of course also possible to put a shift lens onto
the shift adapter and use the combined shift of both
items (for instance, 12mm + 12mm = 24mm of shift),
subject to the covering power of the lens.
Likewise, a tilt lens can be put onto the tilt adapter,
to increase the range of total tilt (often 8º + 8°), to
increase (or intentionally reduce!) the effective sharp
area of the image, again subject to the covering power
of the lens.
Using Pentacon Six lenses on the
Fujifilm GFX 50S
For
the results of my initial tests of using Pentacon Six
and M42 mount lenses on the Fujifilm GFX 50S, see here.
For
more information on the covering potential of lenses
(their “image circle”), see here.
Hartblei Mamiya 67 lens Adapter to
Pentacon Six Bellows, with an Adapter for Fujifilm
GFX cameras
This adapter
set consists of two rings:
- a Mamiya RZ67 lens mount to the front
of the Pentacon Six bellows
- a Pentacon Six lens mount to the
Fujifilm GFX camera, on the back of the
Pentacon Six bellows.
Using these two adapter
rings on Pentacon Six bellows permits infinity
focus for Mamiya RZ67 lenses on the Fujifilm
GFX – but not on the Pentacon Six, as the
combination of the Pentacon Six bellows and
the two adapter rings is longer than the
available space in front of the Pentacon Six
camera (the flange register distance of the
RB/RZ 67 lens). Nearly all of the RZ67
lenses do not have their own focussing
mechanism, using instead bellows that are
built into the camera. With these
adapter rings from Hartblei on the Pentacon
Six bellows, a very wide focussing range is
possible on the GFX camera.
The minimum extension of
the Pentacon Six bellows is 19mm, as
described here.
To achieve infinity focus with the
RZ67 lens, the bellows are extended by
three millimetres, making a total
extension for infinity focus of 22mm,
plus the length of the two Hartblei
adapter rings.
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This
image was captured on my phone. The
poor quality is immediately obvious, even
when reproduced small on this website.
Nevertheless, those who are curious can see
a larger copy by clicking on the image.
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[75_P6bell_GFX_01_s.jpg]
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Hartblei
also produces an extremely sophisticated shift adapter to
mount Mamiya 67 lenses on Fuji GFX cameras. This
adapter permits shift up to 12mm in any direction, and of
course it includes a focussing mechanism that can be
adjusted by hand but is best driven by a Follow Focus
geared mechanism such as the FOTGA DP500 2S or III.
The
apparent difference between the position of the
camera viewfinder in this image and in the
preceding one is due to the fact that here I
have added the Fuji Viewfinder Tilt Adapter
between the top of the camera and the
viewfinder. This enables the viewfinder to
be raised up to 90° in relation to the camera
(effectively, an electronic angle finder), as
well as to be swivelled to the left and to the
right to permit easier viewing when standing
behind the camera is either not possible or is
not desirable (perhaps to avoid casting a shadow
onto the subject, for instance, in macro work).
For an introduction to this system, see here.
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The
combination of Mamiya RZ67 75mm lens, Hartblei
focussing and shift adapter, Fotga Follow Focus
system and Fujifilm GFX camera
This is clearly designed to be used mounted on a
tripod.
[Hartblei_set_08_s.jpg]
Click on the above image to see
it larger.
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Where can
I buy Hartblei gear?
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[hartbleilens_s.jpg]
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The genius behind Hartblei is
Sergey Naumenko, a highly-skilled engineer, to
judge from the equipment that he designs and
manufactures.
His eBay seller name is “hartbleilens”.
His website is https://hartbleilens.com/
Click on the “business card” on the left to see
it a little larger.
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Counting the Cost
The Hartblei adapters are not going to be cheap,
but nor are the Fujifilm lenses for these cameras.
One can expect to pay in the region of £1,500 for the
cheapest of Fujifilm’s GFX lenses, and many
lenses are in the range £2,200 – £2,500 each.
For the owner of lenses in the Pentacon Six mount, buying
one or more Hartblei adapters could well be
the best way to go.
And Hartblei adapters are at the pinnacle of
quality, with the best design features and no
internal reflections (in contrast with adapters from some
other well-known sources!). Lenses held in Hartblei
adapters don’t “droop”; they stay where you put
them. Remember that many lenses with a Pentacon Six
or Mamiya 67 mount are quite large and heavy.
Adapters from some other manufacturers are just not well
enough designed, nor are they strong enough to hold the
lenses where they are put. Their lack of an adequate
internal finish also causes internal reflections that
reduce contrast and often degrade the image to the point
where it is unusable.
Using the Mamiya RZ67 75mm lens with the Hartblei
adapter, it is possible to use the lens shift sideways and
the Hartblei shift up and down, to shoot nine images in
three rows of three, which Christopher Leggett calls
“DAS”, which stands for “Dual Axis Shift”. The
images then need to be stitched together on a
computer. At the time of writing (16th March 2022)
his video on using a prototype version of the above
outfit, entitled “GFX 100 Using HARTBLEI RBZ-S Adapter
with Mamiya 75mm RZ 67 Lens with DAS” can be seen on
YouTube here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fg7BSal1ILw
It is highly recommended. See also his video “Macro
Old and New”, here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P3pNHVDHrao
(Last viewed on the same date)
Computer
requirements
One must remember that going down the route of
high-resolution digital capture is a long journey with
many implications, some of them quite costly. In
my short experience with this outfit, I have found that
when nine images shot on a “mere” Fujifilm GFX 50S are
stitched together, the resultant image is a little over
500MB in size. So two images will occupy more than
a Gigabyte of computer storage space. What is
more, processing such large files requires a powerful
computer. Christopher Leggett reports that
his 2019 Mac Pro Desktop computer has the following
specifications:
- Processor:
2.5 GHz 28-core Intel Xeon W
- RAM
Memory: 512GB 2933 MHz DDR4
- Graphics
card: AMD Radeon Pro Vega II with 32 GB memory
Added
to this will be suitable on-board storage, external
backup storage and possibly cloud storage (quite a few
Terabytes!). Many photographers will also consider
that a high-specification laptop will be needed to go
with them when taking photographs, so that images can be
processed on-site and the camera may even be used
tethered to the laptop. Christopher says,
“Tethering is a must if shooting DAS.”
Christopher gives some information on his
computer system and monitors here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FB4uOXZRaZs&t=70s
(viewed on 18.3.22).
The Future
So have I stopped using the Pentacon Six
camera? Not at all! When I go on a trip, I
prefer to “travel light” with a Pentacon Six and a few
lenses! Likewise at home, I sometimes prefer the
simplicity of using a Pentacon Six and some of the
superb lenses made for it, when I don’t need a 500
Megapixel file and can settle for an image that has a
file size of a “mere” 300 or so Megabytes, without any
need to stitch component images together!
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